Paraffins
Paraffins are a mixture of alkanes, which are colorless, odorless, and soft solid substances derived from petroleum.
Some important characteristics of paraffins
- They are saturated hydrocarbons, meaning they have no double bonds in their molecules.
- They are insoluble in water but soluble in oils and organic solvents.
- They are flammable.
- They have a low melting point.
- They are electrically insulating.
Uses of Paraffins
- Candle Making: Paraffin wax is the most common type of candle.
- Cosmetic Products: Paraffin is used in creams, lotions, lipsticks, and other cosmetic products.
- Food Packaging: Paraffin is used to prevent foods from drying out and spoiling.
- Textile Industry: Paraffin is used to soften fabrics and make them waterproof.
- Medical Treatments: Paraffin is used to treat medical conditions like arthritis and muscle pain.
Chlorinated Paraffin
Chlorinated paraffin is a non-flammable chemical resulting from the reaction of chlorine gas with paraffin wax. Chlorinated paraffins can be classified based on the length of the chlorine chains, and commercial formulations may contain a mixture of compounds in this class.
Some important characteristics of chlorinated paraffin
- It is a solid substance that is white or light brown in color.
- It is non-flammable.
- It is insoluble in water.
- It is soluble in most organic solvents.
- It is toxic.
Uses of Chlorinated Paraffin
- Chlorinated paraffin is used to retard the burning of plastics.
- Chlorinated paraffin is used to retard the burning of rubbers.
- Chlorinated paraffin is used to retard the burning of textiles.
- Chlorinated paraffin is used to insulate electrical cables.
- Chlorinated paraffin is used to improve the performance of lubricants.
Solid Paraffin
Solid paraffin is a type of paraffin that is solid at room temperature. It is usually white or colorless and is used in candles, cosmetics, and food packaging.
Solid paraffin is a versatile material with many different properties. Some important characteristics are:
- Low Melting Point: Solid paraffin has a melting point between 40°C and 60°C, making it ideal for use in candle making.
- High Melting Point: Hard paraffin has a melting point between 70°C and 90°C, making it ideal for use in medical treatments.
- Waterproof: Solid paraffin is waterproof, making it ideal for use in food packaging.
- Non-toxic: Solid paraffin is non-toxic, making it ideal for use in cosmetic products.